Violencia Psicológica en la relación de noviazgo en estudiantes universitarios que inician la carrera de Psicología: un estudio cualitativo

Abstract

Resumen: Introducción: el alarmante incremento de la violencia en las parejas de novios produce devastadoras consecuencias psicológicas y comportamentales. Objetivo: comprender, desde una perspectiva cualitativa, las características de la violencia psicológica en la relación de noviazgo, respecto a sus significados, percepción, modalidades, y respuestas hacia la misma, en estudiantes de inicio de carrera de la Facultad de Psicología de una universidad privada de Mendoza. Método: Investigación cualitativa, estudio descriptivo, diseño fenomenológico. Muestra intencional conformada por alumnos de 1º año de la carrera Licenciatura en Psicología y Licenciatura en Niñez, Adolescencia y Familia (n=74), de ambos sexos, en un rango de edad de 18 a 21 años, que hubieran constante” y antecede a la física “primero se da la violencia psicológica y después se da la física”. Urge instrumentar estrategias de prevención de la violencia relacional desde edades tempranas.

Abstract: Introduction. The alarming increase in dating violence produces devastating psychological and behavioral consequences. Objective: To understand, from a qualitative perspective, the characteristics of psychological violence (PV) in the dating relationship, regarding its meanings, perception, modalities, and response to it, in students at the beginning and end of their studies at the Faculty of Psychology of a private university in Mendoza. Method: Qualitative research, descriptive study, phenomenological design. Intentional sample made up of students from the first course in the careers Psychology and Childhood, Adolescence and Family (n = 74), of both sexes, age range from 18 to 21 years old, who had been in a dating relationship. The triangulation of techniques was used: discussion groups (n = 11), semantic networks and TextSTAT software version 2.9c. for the analysis of information. Results: in the analysis of semantic networks, it is observed that psychological violence is defined with the words “abuse”, “aggression”, “manipulation”, “control”, “insults” and “screaming”, causing “pain” and “fear”. In the discussion groups, the two most significant and frequent keywords were considered in each category of analysis, among which the following words were found: "to be", "not", "I", "person", "power", "a lot", "violence", "psychological", "feel", "jealousy", "guilt", "thing", "believe", "other" and "woman". Conclusion: psychological violence is "more constant" and precedes physical violence "psychological violence occurs first and then physical violence occurs." It is urgent to implement strategies to prevent dating violence from an early age.