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Protecting young minds: insights on pre-adolescents’ mental health from a school-based study in Argentina

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Protecting young minds: insights on pre-adolescents’ mental health from a school-based study in Argentina Autor: Kaliman, Perla; Álvarez-López, María Jesús; Lisenberg, Marina; Acosta, María Agustina; Simkin, Denise Agostina; Martínez Vivot, Rocío Resumen: Background: Childhood and adolescent mental health is in crisis globally, emphasizing the need for early detection and prevention strategies. Children from marginalized neighborhoods are particularly vulnerable, yet data on their psychological well-being is still limited in Argentina. Objectives: We aimed to explore mental health characteristics of vulnerable school children and assess the feasibility of a psychological well-being promoting program. Participants and setting: This study was conducted in a primary school in a disadvantaged neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina, involving 35 children aged 11. Methods: Participants completed validated Spanish versions of scales assessing perceived stress (PSS-14), PTSD symptoms (CPSS), empathy, mindfulness (MAAS-A), and self-compassion (SCS-SF). Sex differences and correlations between scales were explored. Findings: Significant sex disparities were found in perceived stress, with girls reporting higher scores (p = 0.002). PTSD symptoms were alarmingly high, with 74 % of participants exceeding the clinical cut-off of 16 (girls: mean = 27.48, SD = 9.45; boys: mean = 17.36, SD = 12.76; p = 0.017). Boys scored higher in self-compassion (p = 0.003). Positive correlations were found between stress and PTSD symptoms (r = 0.597, p < 0.001) and between mindfulness and self-compassion (r = 0.439, p = 0.008). Both dispositional mindfulness and self-compassion negatively correlated with perceived stress (r = − 0.526, p = 0.001; r = − 0.595, p < 0.001, respectively) and PTSD symptoms (r = − 0.616, p < 0.001; r = − 0.561, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Our study highlights the significant vulnerability of this population, emphasizing the urgency for early detection and gender- and trauma-sensitive prevention efforts. Notably, our findings suggest that mindfulness and self-compassion training may be key protective components within mental health-promoting interventions for preadolescents.

Non-ergot dopamine agonists and the risk of heart failure and other adverse cardiovascular reactions in Parkinson’s disease

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Non-ergot dopamine agonists and the risk of heart failure and other adverse cardiovascular reactions in Parkinson’s disease Autor: Crispo, James A. G.; Farhat, Nawal; Fortin, Yannick; Pérez Lloret, Santiago; Sikora, Lindsey; Morgan, Rebecca L.; Habash, Mara; Gogna, Priyanka; Shannon E. Kelly; Elliott, Jesse; Kohen, Dafna E.; Bjerre, Lise M.; Mattison, Donald R.; Hessian, Renée C.; Willis, Allison W.; Krewski, Daniel Resumen: Reports suggest possible risks of adverse cardiovascular reactions, including heart failure, associated with non-ergot dopamine agonist (DA) use in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The objectives of our review were to evaluate the risk of heart failure and other adverse cardiovascular reactions in PD patients who received a non-ergot DA compared with other anti-PD pharmacological interventions, placebo, or no intervention. Studies were identified via searches of six bibliographic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies (NRS) were eligible for study inclusion. Random-effect meta-analyses were performed to estimate adverse cardiovascular reaction risks. Quality of evidence was assessed using GRADE. In total, forty-four studies (thirty-six RCTs and eight NRS) satisfied our inclusion criteria. A single RCT found no significant difference in the risk of heart failure with ropinirole compared with bromocriptine (odds ratio (OR) 0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07 to 2.04; low certainty). Conversely, three case–control studies reported a risk of heart failure with non-ergot DA treatment. The quality of evidence for the risk of heart failure was judged as low or very low. Findings suggest that non-ergot DA use may be associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including heart failure. Studies are needed to better understand cardiovascular risks associated with PD treatment.

Manual de gestión de sueño y riesgos asociados a la fatiga para las fuerzas armadas

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Manual de gestión de sueño y riesgos asociados a la fatiga para las fuerzas armadas Autor: Folgueira, Agustín Leandro; Mul Fedele, Malena Lis; Vigo, Daniel Eduardo Resumen: El sueño es una función vital que ocupa un tercio de la vida humana y permite afrontar las exigencias diarias. Sin embargo, el trabajo en jornadas extendidas, nocturnas o rotativas en tiempos de paz y con el ritmo implacable de los conflictos modernos exige que el personal militar pueda actuar bajo un estado de privación de sueño. Esta situación afecta el rendimiento de manera tan significativa que representa un riesgo crítico en tiempos de paz y puede convertirse en una ventaja estratégica para el enemigo en tiempos de guerra. Sobre estos principios surge este libro, resultado de un proceso de aprendizaje continuo y de la exploración de soluciones a los desafíos del sueño en el ámbito militar argentino. Esta obra busca compartir parte del camino recorrido.

Hyperthyroidism-induced lymphoid cell activation in the lymph nodes and spleen of BALB/c mice

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Hyperthyroidism-induced lymphoid cell activation in the lymph nodes and spleen of BALB/c mice Autor: Rocco, María Belén; Requena D'Alessio, Clara; Sánchez, Valeria Giselle; Romeo, Horacio Eduardo See "Romeo, Horacio"; Barreiro Arcos, María Laura Resumen: Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is known to affect various physiological systems, including the immune system. Thyroid hormones (THs) play a crucial role in regulating immune function, and alterations in THs levels can lead to immune dysregulation.