https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/1379 Tue, 14 Apr 2026 14:40:41 GMT 2026-04-14T14:40:41Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/20836 Título: La enseñanza de la bioética en la escuela de medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Autor: Revello, Rubén Oscar Resumen: El articulo presenta la importancia de incorporar en las escuelas de formación médica la materia bioética en el plan curricular del futuro médico. El respeto por el paciente, la claridad en la comunicación médica, la actitud pro fesional y empática, se consideran indispensables para la práctica médica. Así lo han entendido casi todas las fa cultades de medicina de todo el mundo, las cuales han ido agregando la materia bioética a sus planes de estudio. Se describe la metodología utilizada para la enseñanza de la bioética en la Facultad de Medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Si dar formación técnica es complejo, mucho más complejo resulta transmitir una serie de valores éticos que el futuro médico no sólo debe conocer, sino incorporar personalmente a su esquema de valores. Esto hace que enseñar bioética sea un arduo proceso, un recorrido personal qué va del conocimiento al análisis crítico, de la crítica personal a la adhesión interna, y de esta incorporación de esos valores a la aplicación en las diversas situaciones concretas de la praxis médica. Se describe un trabajo realizado para evaluar los niveles de adhesión al humanismo médico y compromiso con la práctica de la medicina, bajo un aspecto específico, que es la formación bioética. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/20836 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/20835 Título: Salud mental en el hospital público: reto bioético Autor: Rosales, María De La Victoria Resumen: Hablar del acceso a los servicios de salud mental (SM), nos enfrenta a una realidad donde la falta de atención y servicios de salud mental, así como del financiamiento conexo, tiene efectos sanitarios, sociales y económicos enor mes y de gran alcance, para las personas, las familias, las comunidades y la sociedad en general. Las limitaciones en los recursos provocan grandes brechas en la atención que se brinda y solo una pequeña fracción de las personas que tienen padecimientos mentales recibe la atención que necesita. Se reflexiona, a la luz del principio de solidaridad y subsidiaridad, acerca del reto bioético de cuidar a los enfermos con calidad profesional y calidez personal, mar cando el respeto por la dignidad de la vida humana. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/20835 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/20651 Título: Rethinking Melatonin Dosing: Safety and Efficacy at Higher-than-Usual Levels in Aged Patients with Sleep Disturbances and Comorbidities Autor: Valiensi, Stella M.; Vera, Vanesa A.; Folgueira, Agustín L.; Caporale, Sofía; Ponce de León, Marcela; Pino Fernández, Isis; Vigo, Daniel E.; Cardinali, Daniel P. Resumen: Background. Although melatonin is widely used in Sleep Medicine for its chronobiological action, its potent antioxidant and mitochondrial regulatory effects, as well as its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions, make it of interest as a cytoprotective agent in several chronic pathologies. These actions are evident at doses higher than those used for sleep disorders. Even at high doses, melatonin’s adverse effects are few, mild, and self-limited or resolve quickly after discontinuation of treatment. Based on its safety profile, we treated melatonin for sleep disorders in the presence of comorbidities with doses ≥ 40 mg daily. Methods. This was a retrospective mixed observational analytical design comprising a retrospective uncontrolled cohort analysis and a cross-sectional study. Eighty-one patients (57 female) with sleep disorders ranging in age from 55 to 98 years (mean 74.4 years) were treated with melatonin 40 to 200 mg daily (mean 72.7 mg) were examined. Fifty-six percent of patients received treatment for more than 4 years. The control group for the cross-sectional analysis included 81 patients over 52 years of age, matched by age and sex and not receiving melatonin but having sleep disorders within the same period. Results. A significant decrease was observed in arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus after melatonin administration. Analysis of clinical laboratory variables indicated no changes in the treated group versus the untreated group, except for a lower alkaline phosphatase concentration in patients who received melatonin. Conclusions. These findings suggest a beneficial effect of cytoprotective doses of melatonin on the cardiovascular and metabolic profile in an aged population. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/20651 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/19974 Título: Genetic diversity and impact of vaccination on influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in Mar del Plata, Argentina: a 2015–2020 molecular epidemiological study Autor: Uez, Osvaldo; Culasso, Andrés; Lerman, Andrea; Cimmino, Carlos; Campos, Rodolfo; Marcone, Débora Natalia Resumen: Background: Influenza A viruses are a major cause of viral respiratory infections in humans, leading to a spectrum of diseases ranging from mild to severe, particularly in high-risk groups. Monitoring the frequency and evolution of A (H1N1)pdm09 viruses is essential for guiding vaccine strain selection and maintaining vaccine effectiveness. Objectives: To characterize the evolution of circulating influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 strains in Mar del Plata(MDQ), Argentina, and estimate vaccine efficacy from 2015 to 2020, before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods: We analyzed 46 influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 strains detected by RT-PCR from patients with acute respiratory infections in MDQ between 2015 and 2020. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using maximum likelihood, and vaccine efficacy was estimated with the Pepitope model. Results: Seven genetic clades were identified: 6B in 2015, 6B.1 in 2016–2017, 6B.1A, 6B.1A.1, and 6B.1A.3 in 2018, 6B.1A.5A in 2019–2020, and 6B.1A.5a.2 in 2020. Genetic diversity and regional clustering suggested multiple strain introductions from other Argentinian regions or countries. The predicted vaccine efficacy was highest when the frequency of influenza A (H1N1)pmd09 was below 2%, decreasing as viral frequency increased, due to mutations occurring particularly in haemagglutinin epitopes B, C, and E. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the dynamic evolution of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in MDQ and emphasize the importance of continuous molecular surveillance and regular vaccine updates. Additionally, the Pepitope model proved useful in estimating vaccine efficacy. The impact of vaccination in reducing viral frequency when circulating and vaccine strains are well-matched further supports annual influenza vaccination recommendations to minimize viral burden in the community. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/19974 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z