https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/7687 2026-04-08T03:25:40Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/20024 Título: The political philosophy of populism in the writings of Isaiah Berlin and Ernesto Laclau: a comparative approach Autor: Salinas, Alejandra M. Resumen: Berlin and Laclau understood that only a comprehensive analysis, composed of philosophical presuppositions and relatively abstract political concepts grouped in general arguments, could offer such an account. Berlin was among the first to explain the specificity of populism from this angle; Laclau has been the most influential. In their understanding, populism consists in a division between “the people” and the groups they consider to be their antagonists. Both agree that the specific profiles of “the people” and their antagonists are contingent, as they vary with historical and local circumstances. Both acknowledge that various forces and social demands may take on a populist nature, and that they can be found in different political systems. Additionally, both emphasize the crucial role of emotions in fostering the bonds of solidarity among the people and an antagonistic attitude towards everything labelled as non-populist. In sum, both present a theory that adapts to a variety of ideological contents, whether left or right, and to a wide range of movements, regimes, and agents that may invoke the categories of mobilization, affect, and political antagonism to pursue a populist project. In the following sections, I will present and compare the contributions of Berlin and Laclau to the understanding of populism; discussing whether populism can be regarded as a secular religion, as some believe. I will conclude by highlighting some challenges of populism to liberal democracy. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/18534 Título: Argentina y Estados Unidos. Sinergias y oportunidades conjuntas en el comercio agrícola; Argentina and the United States. Synergies and joint opportunities in agricultural trade Autor: Candia, Lucas A. Resumen: La Argentina y los Estados Unidos son importantes productores y exportadores de productos agrícolas. El compartir ofertas exportables suele significar que los países compiten entre sí por el acceso a mercado; sin embargo, en el caso del comercio agrícola, debido a la similitud de procesos productivos y el alto grado de proteccionismo en muchos países importadores, países como Argentina y Estados Unidos podrían beneficiarse de un mayor acceso a mercado para ambos al trabajar en conjunto para reducir las distorsiones comerciales en este rubro. En este ensayo trataremos de evidenciar que comparativamente el comercio agrícola se encuentra más “protegido” que sus contrapartes, y cómo afecta esto a la Argentina y Estados Unidos. A partir de ello, analizaremos por qué ambos países podrían beneficiarse de una cooperación para afrontar tales barreras. Asimismo, abordaremos algunas iniciativas de cooperación ya existentes entre ambos países, y nos permitiremos sugerir algunos posibles pasos a futuro.; Argentina and the United States are important producers and exporters of agricultural products. The sharing of exportable offers usually means that countries compete with each other for market access, however, in the case of agricultural trade due to the similarity of production processes and the high degree of protectionism in many importing countries, Argentina and the United States could benefit from greater market access for both by working together to reduce trade distortions in this area. In this essay we will try to demonstrate that agricultural trade is comparatively more “protected” than its counterparts, and how this affects Argentina and the United States. Based on this, we will analyze why both countries could benefit from cooperation to address such barriers. Likewise, we will address some existing cooperation initiatives between the two countries, and allow ourselves to suggest some possible future steps. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/18533 Título: Corrientes de pensamiento de la política exterior de Estados Unidos. Perspectivas a futuro; American foreign traditions and future perspectives Autor: Gasave, Matías Resumen: Las ideas han tenido un rol fundamental en la formulación de la política exterior en Estados Unidos. Éstas tienen una visión sobre el mundo, la naturaleza humana, el sistema internacional y sobre qué estrategias tomar para promover los intereses y la seguridad de Estados Unidos. Tomando como base las corrientes de pensamiento sistematizadas por Walter Mead, se hará un breve repaso por cada una de ellas explicando sus características principales, ejemplificándolas y, por último, dando posibles perspectivas a futuro acerca de cuáles tendrán más preponderancia acorde a la situación internacional actual.; Ideas have played a fundamental role in the formulation of American’s foreign policy. They have provided a vision of the world, human nature, the international system, and what strategies to take in order to promote American’s interest and security. Taking as a basis the American foreign traditions systematized by Walter Mead, a brief review will be made of each one of them, explaining their main characteristics, exemplifying them and finally, giving possible future perspectives on which ones will have more preponderance according to the current international situation. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/18532 Título: El alcance de la Corte Suprema en la transformación social y su impacto en la política estadounidense; The Supreme Court’s extent on social transformation and its impact on U.S. politics Autor: Comotti, Felipe Resumen: En EE. UU., la cuestión del papel de la Corte Suprema de Justicia en la esfera social ha suscitado, desde principios de la década del cincuenta, un debate que continúa hasta el día de hoy. Mientras que un grupo de académicos percibe a la Corte como una institución activa en la implementación de transformaciones sociales, otros sugieren que su influencia es limitada y que las decisiones judiciales por sí solas no producen cambios significativos. A su vez, una explicación alternativa propone que el máximo tribunal, más que actuar de forma individual, en muchas ocasiones asume el rol de colaborador respecto a las políticas públicas impulsadas por las otras ramas del gobierno federal. Independientemente del debate anterior, existe cierto consenso en la clase dirigente estadounidense respecto a que la Corte Suprema es un actor institucional relevante y que cuenta con capacidad para ejercer, a través de sus fallos, una influencia más allá del ámbito estrictamente judicial. Como consecuencia, la aprobación de jueces en el Senado se ha convertido, en los últimos veinte años, en un escenario de fuerte disputa entre Demócratas y Republicanos, lo que pudo observarse con claridad en 2020 durante el proceso de confirmación de la jueza Barret.; In the United States, the question concerning the role of the Supreme Court in the social sphere has, since the early 1950s, prompted a debate that continues today. While one group of scholars perceives the Court as an active institution in the implementation of social transformations, others suggest that its influence is limited and that judicial decisions by themselves do not produce significant changes. Another alternative explanation proposes that the highest court, rather than acting individually, on many occasions operates as a collaborator with respect to public policies promoted by the other branches of the federal government. Regardless of the above debate, there is a certain consensus in the U.S. ruling class that the Supreme Court is a relevant institutional actor and that it has the capacity to wield, through its rulings, an influence beyond the strictly judicial arena. As a consequence, the approval of judges in the Senate has become, in the last twenty years, a scenario of strong dispute between Democrats and Republicans, which could be clearly observed in 2020 during the confirmation process of Judge Barrett. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z